寒假到了，意味着考生们有一个月的时间，集中进行复习工作。还请考生们安排好寒假复习计划，做好备考工作。为了帮助考生们备考，唯学网考研栏目小编整理了大量的辅导资料及技巧，下面是小编准备的如何掌握阅读命题的方法，以供考生们备考使用。在此小编预祝考生们考试顺利。
近几年，考研英语阅读的命题越来越有规律，难度也越来越趋于平稳合理化。每年考察四篇阅读文章，文章的长度也是趋于变长，有以前的近400词增长为现在的450词左右。这些文章都是命题者从外刊上选取的，基本都是英语国家的专家学者所著述的文章，学术性较强。因此学会掌握阅读命题的动向是很重要的。
一、从文章选材分析
每年命题者会根据考试大纲对英语阅读的要求，对文章的长度、以及超纲词进行调整，调整到适合研究生考试的难度。下面，我们一起通过一段文章来看一下，考研英语的真题是如何对英语源文进行修改的。
【文章源文】
The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media—such as television and radio commercials, print advertisements and roadside billboards—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers enamored of a product may, for example, create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its website. In fact, the way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.
【2011真题】
The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media—such as television commercials and print advertisements —still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.
可以看出，2011年的考研英语真题将源文的超纲词enamored 改成了passionate，举例时television and radio commercials, print advertisements and roadside billboards删掉了roadside billboards部分。另外删减了for example和In fact这种无关紧要的连接词。所以同学们一定要背好大纲词汇，不用担心阅读中会出现太多的超纲词。
二、从题目设置查看
近年来考研英语的命题也越来越规范化，按照大纲中对英语阅读能力的要求，基本可以分为这样几大题型：
1、理解主旨要义—→主旨大意题
2、理解文中的具体信息—→事实细节题
3、 理解文中的概念性含义—→事实细节题
4、进行有关的判断、推理和引申—→推理判断题
5、根据上下文推测生词的词义—→词汇短语题
6、 理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系—→推理判断题
7、 理解作者的意图、观点或态度—→观点态度题
8、 区分论点和论据—→例证题
以上为如何掌握阅读命题的方法，以供大家查看了解。若想了解更多考研相关信息，如考研改革、考研考试等，请关注唯学网考研栏目，小编会第一时间为你更新最新资讯。
